DWThe Direct WitnessAccount

The evidence beneath the English

Every consequential choice
leaves a record.

The published library was developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

6,497

chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry

1

public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable

SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

Textual basis

SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

1 Thessalonians 1

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1 thessalonians.1.th1GreetingExpansion

εἰρήνη / εἰρήνη ἀπὸ θεοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν καὶ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ

TEXThigh confidence

Does the greeting end after ‘peace,’ or add its source?

The variation occurs at the close of the opening greeting, where expanded wording makes the divine source explicit rather than changing the letter’s recipients.

Why this default

The shorter greeting is the SBLGNT reading and avoids importing a familiar expanded Pauline formula; the expansion remains available because it is a genuine Greek variant.

Evidence

ExternalThe shorter greeting is supported by B, F, G, Ψ, 0278, 1739, 1881, Old Latin, Syriac Peshitta, and Sahidic witnesses. The source-formula expansion is supported by א, A, D, I, K, L, P, 33, 81, 104, 630, 1241, the Byzantine tradition, part of the Vulgate tradition, and Bohairic witnesses.

InternalA copyist could readily lengthen the brief greeting with wording familiar from other Pauline openings.

Project defaultfavor to you and peace

Project default · SBLGNT shorter greeting

Witnessesεἰρήνη · B, F, G, Ψ, 0278, 1739, 1881, Old Latin, Syriac Peshitta, Sahidic
Alternativefavor to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ

Expanded Greek reading

Witnessesεἰρήνη + source formula · א, A, D, I, K, L, P, 33, 81, 104, 630, 1241, Byzantine tradition, versions
Alternativefavor and peace to you from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ

Expanded reading · recast English order

Reference roleStandardized inspectable reference; manuscript forks are independently reopened.

Revision historyNo decision-level revision has been recorded since the provenance ledger was introduced.

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Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 7c4cbee907fbc0e84976d6e78a615134e2288f8197ce8abcf67b0452155ddc84.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.