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The published library was developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.
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standardized inspectable Greek reference edition
Textual basis
SBL Greek New Testament
Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.
This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.
Translation record
1 Thessalonians 2
John707 recordsMark525 recordsMatthew987 recordsLuke929 recordsActs1146 records1 Thessalonians67 recordsGalatians138 records1 Corinthians357 records2 Corinthians250 recordsRomans340 recordsPhilippians84 recordsPhilemon22 recordsColossians74 recordsEphesians121 records2 Thessalonians36 records1 Timothy86 records1 Peter90 records2 Peter61 records1 John107 records2 John10 records3 John13 recordsJude23 recordsRevelation324 records
1 thessalonians.2.th2WrathAgent
ἡ ὀργή / ἡ ὀργὴ τοῦ θεοῦ
TEXTTRANSLATIONhigh confidence
Is the wrath explicitly identified as God’s?
The explicit genitive resolves a referent that the shorter wording leaves to context; either form presents the judgment as divine rather than human anger.
Why this default
The shorter ‘the wrath’ is retained because it is the wording of the principal Greek editions; ‘God’s wrath’ makes an understood referent explicit.
Evidence
ExternalSBLGNT apparatus: ὀργή — WH, Treg, RP, NA28; addition τοῦ θεοῦ noted with NIV.
InternalThe context makes divine wrath easy to clarify by adding the explicit genitive.
Project defaultthe wrath
Project default · shorter Greek
Witnessesἡ ὀργή · SBLGNT; WH, Treg, RP, NA28AlternativeGod’s wrath
Agent explicitly supplied
Witnessesἡ ὀργὴ τοῦ θεοῦ · explanatory addition noted with NIVAlternativethe divine wrath
Shorter reading · referent interpreted
Record integrity
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The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 7c4cbee907fbc0e84976d6e78a615134e2288f8197ce8abcf67b0452155ddc84.
Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.