DWThe Direct WitnessAccount

The evidence beneath the English

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The published library was developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

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chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry

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public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable

SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

Textual basis

SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

Acts 11

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acts.11.ac11SendMen

Ἀπόστειλον εἰς Ἰόππην / Ἀπόστειλον εἰς Ἰόππην ἄνδρας

TEXTmoderate confidence

Does the repeated command explicitly mention sending men?

The earlier wording says simply ‘Send to Joppa’; the later tradition supplies ‘men,’ harmonizing the command with the delegation already described.

Why this default

The default follows the shorter command ‘Send to Joppa’; the explicit object ‘men’ is a well-attested expansion that makes the implied delegation overt.

Evidence

ExternalThe shorter reading is supported by א, A, B, D, the Vulgate, most Syriac witnesses and Coptic; ‘men’ is added by F, H, L, P, the Byzantine tradition and Syriac Peshitta.

InternalThe object is already implied by the command and the narrative, giving later scribes a natural reason to supply ‘men.’

Project defaultSend to Joppa

Project default

WitnessesNo explicit object · א, A, B, D, Vulgate, Coptic
AlternativeSend men to Joppa

Later textual alternative

Witnessesἄνδρας · F, H, L, P, Byzantine tradition
AlternativeSend messengers to Joppa

Role-explicit treatment of the later reading

Witnessesἄνδρας · role-explicit rendering of the longer reading

Reference roleStandardized inspectable reference; manuscript forks are independently reopened.

Revision historyNo decision-level revision has been recorded since the provenance ledger was introduced.

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Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 7c4cbee907fbc0e84976d6e78a615134e2288f8197ce8abcf67b0452155ddc84.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.