DWThe Direct WitnessAccount

The evidence beneath the English

Every consequential choice
leaves a record.

The published library was developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

6,497

chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry

1

public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable

SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

Textual basis

SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

Acts 12

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acts.12.ac12WordSource

ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ / κυρίου

TEXThigh confidence

Is the advancing word identified with God or the Lord?

The broad tradition reads ‘the word of God’; Codex Vaticanus and a small versional stream read ‘the word of the Lord.’

Why this default

The default follows the overwhelmingly attested ‘word of God’; ‘word of the Lord’ survives in Vaticanus and a small versional stream and remains visible as a genuine alternative.

Evidence

External‘God’ is supported by P74, א, A, D, E, Ψ, the Byzantine tradition, Old Latin, Syriac and Coptic; ‘Lord’ by B, the Vulgate and some Bohairic Coptic manuscripts.

InternalBoth formulas are common in Acts, so internal evidence is balanced; the breadth and diversity of support strongly favor ‘God.’

Project defaultthe word of God

Project default

Witnessesθεοῦ · P74, א, A, D, E, Ψ, Byzantine tradition
Alternativethe word of the Lord

Textual alternative

Witnessesκυρίου · B, Vulgate, some Bohairic Coptic
AlternativeGod’s word

Contextual rendering of the default reading

Witnessesθεοῦ · contextual rendering

Reference roleStandardized inspectable reference; manuscript forks are independently reopened.

Revision historyNo decision-level revision has been recorded since the provenance ledger was introduced.

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Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 7c4cbee907fbc0e84976d6e78a615134e2288f8197ce8abcf67b0452155ddc84.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.