DWThe Direct WitnessAccount

The evidence beneath the English

Every consequential choice
leaves a record.

The published library was developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

6,497

chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry

1

public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable

SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

Textual basis

SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

Acts 21

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acts.21.ac21AssemblyAddition

δεῖ πάντως πλῆθος συνελθεῖν

TEXThigh confidence

Does the text say a multitude must assemble?

The disputed sentence supplies a transition from the report about Paul’s reputation to the practical instructions that follow.

Why this default

The shorter question and answer sequence is preserved by the earliest witnesses; the assembly sentence is an explanatory expansion.

Evidence

ExternalThe shorter reading is supported by P74, א, A, B, C, E, 33, 1739 and early versions. The sentence about a multitude necessarily assembling appears in D and the later Byzantine tradition.

InternalThe added sentence explicitly supplies the public consequence already implied by ‘they will hear’; such clarification is more likely to be added than independently omitted across early streams.

Project defaultOmit

Project default

WitnessesNo assembly sentence · P74, א, A, B, C, E, 33, 1739, early versions
Alternative. A multitude must certainly come together

Later addition

WitnessesA multitude must assemble · D, later Byzantine tradition
Alternative. And a crowd will surely assemble

Responsible alternative

WitnessesA crowd will assemble · idiomatic rendering of longer reading

Reference roleStandardized inspectable reference; manuscript forks are independently reopened.

Revision historyNo decision-level revision has been recorded since the provenance ledger was introduced.

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Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 7c4cbee907fbc0e84976d6e78a615134e2288f8197ce8abcf67b0452155ddc84.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.