DWThe Direct WitnessAccount

The evidence beneath the English

Every consequential choice
leaves a record.

The published library was developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

6,497

chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry

1

public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable

SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

Textual basis

SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

Ephesians 1

Download complete JSON record

ephesians.1.eph1Fullness

πλήρωμα τοῦ ... πληρουμένου

GRAMMARINTERPRETATIONlow confidence

How is the assembly Christ’s fullness?

The closing phrase is dense: the church is Christ’s body and fullness, while Christ is the one filling all things in every way—or being filled in all.

Why this default

The one who fills all things leads because the active middle sense best matches the preceding portrayal of Christ’s cosmic rule and the assembly as his body; the passive reading remains grammatically possible, while the third option makes the ecclesial and cosmic relation explicit.

Evidence

ExternalNo separate external-evidence note is recorded for this stable-text decision.

InternalThe decision record relies on the stated lexical, grammatical, or translation rationale.

Project defaultthe fullness of the one who fills all things in every way

Project default · Christ fills all

Alternativethe fullness of the one being filled completely in all things

Responsible alternative · passive sense retained

Alternativehis fullness—the presence through which he fills everything everywhere

Assembly and cosmic filling unpacked

Reference roleStandardized inspectable reference; manuscript forks are independently reopened.

Revision historyNo decision-level revision has been recorded since the provenance ledger was introduced.

← All Ephesians 1 records

Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 7c4cbee907fbc0e84976d6e78a615134e2288f8197ce8abcf67b0452155ddc84.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.