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The published library was developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

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SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

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SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

Galatians 2

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01
τοῖς δοκοῦσινWho received Paul’s private presentation?
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02
μή πως εἰς κενὸν τρέχω ἢ ἔδραμονWhat outcome was Paul guarding against?
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03
τοὺς παρεισάκτους ψευδαδέλφουςHow does Paul characterize the intruders?
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04
τῶν δοκούντων εἶναί τιHow does Paul refer to the recognized leaders?
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05
πρόσωπον θεὸς ἀνθρώπου οὐ λαμβάνειWhat does God not ‘receive’ from a person?
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06
πεπίστευμαι τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς ἀκροβυστίαςWhat had been entrusted to Paul?
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07
κατεγνωσμένος ἦνWhy did Paul oppose Cephas?
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08
ὅτε ἦλθον / ἦλθενWho arrived before Cephas withdrew?
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09
οὐκ ὀρθοποδοῦσιν πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειανHow were they failing in relation to gospel truth?
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10
τὰ ἔθνη ἀναγκάζεις ἸουδαΐζεινWhat was Cephas effectively compelling the nations to do?
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11
δικαιοῦταιHow should the central courtroom verb be rendered?
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12
ἐξ ἔργων νόμουWhat are ‘works of law’?
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13
πίστεως Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ / πίστεως ΧριστοῦDoes the phrase mean faith in Christ or Christ’s faithfulness?
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14
διὰ νόμου νόμῳ ἀπέθανονHow does law relate to Paul’s death to law?
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15
Χριστῷ συνεσταύρωμαιHow should Paul’s union in crucifixion be expressed?
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16
ἐν πίστει ζῶ τῇ τοῦHow should faith relate Paul’s present life to the following person or persons?
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17
τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ / τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ ΧριστοῦWhose faith or faithfulness defines Paul’s life?
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18
δεξιὰς ... κοινωνίαςWhat did the right hands exchanged with Paul and Barnabas signify?
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19
ἁμαρτίας διάκονοςWhat would Christ become if justification exposed them as sinners?
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20
Χριστὸς δωρεὰν ἀπέθανενWhat would follow if righteousness came through law?
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Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 7c4cbee907fbc0e84976d6e78a615134e2288f8197ce8abcf67b0452155ddc84.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.