DWThe Direct WitnessAccount

The evidence beneath the English

Every consequential choice
leaves a record.

The published library was developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

6,497

chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry

1

public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable

SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

Textual basis

SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

John 1

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john.1.cephas

Κηφᾶς … Πέτρος · Kēphas … Petros

TRANSLATIONhigh confidence

How should Simon’s new name cross languages?

John gives the Aramaic name Kēphas and then its Greek interpretation Petros. Both evoke rock or stone; English ‘Peter’ transliterates the Greek rather than translating it.

Why this default

The default keeps Jesus’ naming statement inside the quotation and places John’s Greek explanation outside it, preserving both the speaker boundary and the cross-language movement. Reducing both to “Peter” erases the cross-language movement; translating Petros as “Rock” foregrounds meaning beyond normal English naming.

Evidence

ExternalNo separate external-evidence note is recorded for this stable-text decision.

InternalThe decision record relies on the stated lexical, grammatical, or translation rationale.

Project defaultYou will be called Cephas”—which is interpreted “Peter”

Project default · John’s two layers retained

AlternativeYou will be called Cephas”—which is interpreted “Rock”

Meaning translated into English

AlternativeYou will be called Peter”

Familiar English name only

Reference roleStandardized inspectable reference; manuscript forks are independently reopened.

Revision historyNo decision-level revision has been recorded since the provenance ledger was introduced.

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Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 7c4cbee907fbc0e84976d6e78a615134e2288f8197ce8abcf67b0452155ddc84.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.