DWThe Direct WitnessAccount

The evidence beneath the English

Every consequential choice
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John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

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chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry

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public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable

SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

Textual basis

SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

John 14

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john.14.heart14

μὴ ταρασσέσθω ὑμῶν ἡ καρδία

GRAMMARTRANSLATIONhigh confidence

Why does Greek speak of one heart for all of them?

The disciples are plural, but kardia is singular: ‘your heart.’ English often pluralizes it. Keeping the singular can portray the group as sharing one troubled center.

Why this default

The singular ‘your heart’ is default because it preserves the number of kardia exactly while English ‘your’ can still address the whole group. Plural ‘hearts’ makes the distributive sense explicit but removes the shared singular image.

Evidence

ExternalNo separate external-evidence note is recorded for this stable-text decision.

InternalThe decision record relies on the stated lexical, grammatical, or translation rationale.

Project defaultDo not let your heart be troubled

Project default · Greek number retained

AlternativeDo not let your hearts be troubled

Natural distributive English

AlternativeDo not let your inner being be troubled

Metaphor interpreted

Reference roleStandardized inspectable reference; manuscript forks are independently reopened.

Revision historyNo decision-level revision has been recorded since the provenance ledger was introduced.

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Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 450adc54c1fc782fbae5e9ed6a640a2ae0e3be080722ac134c84e1248c2a312a.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.