chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry
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John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.
public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable
standardized inspectable Greek reference edition
Textual basis
SBL Greek New Testament
Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.
This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.
Translation record
John 19
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john.19.approach19
καὶ ἤρχοντο πρὸς αὐτὸν καὶ
TEXTTRANSLATIONhigh confidence
Does the text say the soldiers repeatedly approached Jesus?
Strong early witnesses include ‘and they were coming toward him,’ while a later stream omits the phrase, likely through eye-skip between repeated conjunctions.
Why this default
The approach clause is default because it has excellent early and diverse support. Its omission is readily explained by eye-skip across repeated ‘and’ phrases.
Evidence
ExternalInclude: P60vid, P66, P90, א, B, L, N, W and broad versions; omit: A, D, E, 054 and later tradition.
InternalThe sequence ‘him and… him and’ creates a classic parablepsis environment for accidental omission.
Project defaultThey kept coming toward him and saying
Project default · early fuller reading
Witnessesκαὶ ἤρχοντο πρὸς αὐτὸν καὶ · P60vid, P66, P90, א, B, L, N, WAlternativeThey were saying
Shorter later reading
Witnessesomit approach clause · A, D, E, 054, later traditionAlternative[They kept coming toward him and] saying
Fork visible in-line
WitnessesDisplay option · omitted clause bracketedRecord integrity
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The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 450adc54c1fc782fbae5e9ed6a640a2ae0e3be080722ac134c84e1248c2a312a.
Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.