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The published library was developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.
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Textual basis
SBL Greek New Testament
Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.
This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.
Translation record
John 19
John707 recordsMark525 recordsMatthew987 recordsLuke929 recordsActs1146 records1 Thessalonians67 recordsGalatians138 records1 Corinthians357 records2 Corinthians250 recordsRomans340 recordsPhilippians84 recordsPhilemon22 recordsColossians74 recordsEphesians121 records2 Thessalonians36 records1 Timothy86 records1 Peter90 records2 Peter61 records1 John107 records2 John10 records3 John13 recordsJude23 recordsRevelation324 records
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john.19.crossCarry19
βαστάζων ἑαυτῷ / αὐτῷ / αὐτοῦ τὸν σταυρόν
TEXTGRAMMARTRANSLATIONmoderate confidence
How is Jesus’s carrying of the cross expressed?
The readings differ over the possessive relation in Jesus’s cross-bearing and whether that action is stated at all in the earliest papyrus’s first hand.
Why this default
The reflexive is default because of early support and its difficult construction. Possessive forms smooth the phrase; P66’s first-hand omission is ancient but isolated.
Evidence
ExternalFor himself: P60vid, P66c, א, L, W; for him: B; his cross: A, D, E, N, 054, 065; omit clause: P66*.
InternalThe unusual reflexive invited replacement by ordinary possessives, while the whole clause could be lost or omitted in harmonization.
Project defaultAnd carrying the cross for himself, he went out to
Project default · early reflexive
Witnessesἑαυτῷ τὸν σταυρόν · P60vid, P66c, א, L, WAlternativeAnd carrying his own cross, he went out to
Possessive stream
Witnessesἑαυτοῦ/αὐτοῦ τὸν σταυρόν · A, D, E, N, 054, 065 and later traditionAlternativeAnd he went out to
P66 first-hand omission
Witnessesomit carrying clause · P66*AlternativeAnd [carrying his own cross,] he went out to
Fork visible in-line
WitnessesDisplay option · clause bracketedRecord integrity
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