chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry
The evidence beneath the English
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John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.
public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable
standardized inspectable Greek reference edition
Textual basis
SBL Greek New Testament
Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.
This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.
Translation record
John 19
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john.19.handover19
παρέλαβον οὖν τὸν Ἰησοῦν / expanded forms
TEXTBOUNDARYTRANSLATIONlow confidence
How does the crucifixion procession begin?
The witnesses preserve several forms: a compact ‘they took Jesus,’ expanded forms adding ‘led him away,’ and forms naming the receiving group.
Why this default
The compact form is the working default because of strong critical support, but the variation is unusually extensive and early papyri preserve expanded alternatives.
Evidence
ExternalShort: B, L, X, Ψ, 0141, 33; expanded forms: P60vid, P66vid, א, A, D, E, N, W and many later witnesses.
InternalNarrative expansion with ‘led away’ is natural, but abbreviated and rephrased forms could also arise as scribes repaired an abrupt transition.
Project defaultTherefore they took Jesus
Project default · compact critical text
Witnessesπαρέλαβον οὖν τὸν Ἰησοῦν · B, L, X, Ψ, 0141, 33AlternativeTherefore they took Jesus and led him away
Expanded ancient form
Witnessestook Jesus and led him · D, 1071, 0290 and related formsAlternativeSo they took him and led him away
P66-type form
Witnessesthey took him/Jesus and led him · P60vid, P66vid, א*, N, WAlternativeTherefore they took Jesus [and led him away]
Fork visible in-line
WitnessesDisplay option · expansion bracketedRecord integrity
One registry drives both the reader and this record.
The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 450adc54c1fc782fbae5e9ed6a640a2ae0e3be080722ac134c84e1248c2a312a.
Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.