DWThe Direct WitnessAccount

The evidence beneath the English

Every consequential choice
leaves a record.

John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

1,738

chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry

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public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable

SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

Textual basis

SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

John 20

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john.20.maryReport20

Ἑώρακα / ἑώρακεν τὸν κύριον

TEXTBOUNDARYGRAMMARhigh confidence

Is Mary quoted directly or reported indirectly?

The first-person reading says ‘I have seen’; the third-person reading yields ‘that she had seen.’ The form changes the narrative voice.

Why this default

The first-person direct quotation is default because it has exceptionally early support. The third person turns the same report into indirect narration.

Evidence

ExternalI have seen: P66, א, B, N, W and early versions; she had seen: A, D, E, L and later tradition.

InternalThe nearby reporting particle can introduce either direct or indirect speech, making assimilation in either direction possible; the papyrus support favors direct quotation.

Project defaultannouncing, ‘I have seen the Lord’

Project default · early direct quotation

Witnessesἑώρακα · P66, א, B, N, W, Old Latin, Vulgate, early Syriac
Alternativeannouncing that she had seen the Lord

Later indirect report

Witnessesἑώρακεν · A, D, E, L, Syriac, Coptic, later tradition
Alternativeannouncing [‘I have seen’/that she had seen] the Lord

Fork visible in-line

WitnessesDisplay option · narrative voice fork shown

Reference roleStandardized inspectable reference; manuscript forks are independently reopened.

Revision historyNo decision-level revision has been recorded since the provenance ledger was introduced.

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Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 450adc54c1fc782fbae5e9ed6a640a2ae0e3be080722ac134c84e1248c2a312a.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.