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SBL Greek New Testament
Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.
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Translation record
Jude 1
John707 recordsMark525 recordsMatthew987 recordsLuke929 recordsActs1146 records1 Thessalonians67 recordsGalatians138 records1 Corinthians357 records2 Corinthians250 recordsRomans340 recordsPhilippians84 recordsPhilemon22 recordsColossians74 recordsEphesians121 records2 Thessalonians36 records1 Timothy86 records1 Peter90 records2 Peter61 records1 John107 records2 John10 records3 John13 recordsJude23 recordsRevelation324 records
jude.1.jude112Reefs
σπιλάδες
LEXICALMETAPHORECCLESIOLOGYTRANSLATIONhigh confidence
What are the intruders in the love feasts?
σπιλάς normally means a hidden reef or dangerous rock. A related spelling and later tradition produced ‘spots’ or ‘stains.’ The reef image fits Jude’s chain of natural dangers and is the stronger lexical default.
Why this default
The hidden-reef meaning is lexically stronger and fits Jude’s sequence of natural hazards, portraying the intruders as concealed dangers within communal meals.
Evidence
ExternalNo separate external-evidence note is recorded for this stable-text decision.
InternalThe decision record relies on the stated lexical, grammatical, or translation rationale.
Project defaulthidden reefs in your love feasts
Project default
Alternativestains in your love feasts
Alternate rendering
Record integrity
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