chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry
The evidence beneath the English
Every consequential choice
leaves a record.
John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.
public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable
standardized inspectable Greek reference edition
Textual basis
SBL Greek New Testament
Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.
This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.
Translation record
Mark 1
115 records217 records315 records417 records516 records618 records718 records822 records923 records1026 records1120 records1219 records1317 records1430 records1527 records1613 records
mark.1.m1Driven
τὸ πνεῦμα αὐτὸν ἐκβάλλει
GRAMMARTRANSLATIONhigh confidence
How forcefully does the spirit send Jesus into the wilderness?
Ekballō normally means cast or drive out. Mark uses a strikingly forceful present-tense verb.
Why this default
‘The spirit drives him out’ is default because ekballei is Mark’s forceful present-tense verb—the same family used for casting out demons. ‘Sends’ gives the narrative result naturally but softens both the force and Mark’s striking lexical connection.
Evidence
ExternalNo separate external-evidence note is recorded for this stable-text decision.
InternalThe decision record relies on the stated lexical, grammatical, or translation rationale.
Project defaultthe spirit drives him out
Project default · force and tense
Alternativethe spirit casts him out
Most mechanical
Alternativethe Spirit sends him
Smoother English
Record integrity
One registry drives both the reader and this record.
The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 450adc54c1fc782fbae5e9ed6a640a2ae0e3be080722ac134c84e1248c2a312a.
Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.