DWThe Direct WitnessAccount

The evidence beneath the English

Every consequential choice
leaves a record.

John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

1,738

chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry

1

public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable

SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

Textual basis

SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

Mark 11

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mark.11.m11Near

εἰς Βηθφαγὴ καὶ Βηθανίαν πρὸς τὸ ὄρος

GRAMMARGEOGRAPHYTRANSLATIONmoderate confidence

How should the approach to Jerusalem be mapped?

The sequence names Bethphage and Bethany in relation to the Mount of Olives without spelling out a modern route.

Why this default

‘Near Bethphage and Bethany, toward the Mount of Olives’ is default because it preserves all three geographic relations without imposing a modern route on Mark’s compact sequence. ‘At’ can imply arrival, while ‘approaching’ supplies a stage of movement not explicitly stated.

Evidence

ExternalNo separate external-evidence note is recorded for this stable-text decision.

InternalThe decision record relies on the stated lexical, grammatical, or translation rationale.

Project defaultnear Bethphage and Bethany, toward the Mount of Olives

Project default · relations retained

Alternativeat Bethphage and Bethany by the Mount of Olives

Locations foregrounded

Alternativeapproaching Bethphage and Bethany at the Mount of Olives

Movement foregrounded

Reference roleStandardized inspectable reference; manuscript forks are independently reopened.

Revision historyNo decision-level revision has been recorded since the provenance ledger was introduced.

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Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 450adc54c1fc782fbae5e9ed6a640a2ae0e3be080722ac134c84e1248c2a312a.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.