DWThe Direct WitnessAccount

The evidence beneath the English

Every consequential choice
leaves a record.

John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

1,738

chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry

1

public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable

SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

Textual basis

SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

Mark 13

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mark.13.m13Son

οὐδὲ ὁ υἱός

TEXTTRANSLATIONhigh confidence

Does the saying include ‘nor the Son’?

The phrase is strongly supported in Mark and is the difficult reading; a later stream omits it, likely to avoid theological difficulty.

Why this default

Inclusion is default because it has strong early and diverse support and is the more difficult reading. Omission readily removes an apparent limitation on the Son’s knowledge.

Evidence

ExternalInclude: א, B, D, L, W, Δ and broad early versions; omit: A, C, K, Θ and much of the later tradition.

InternalTheological smoothing strongly explains omission; deliberate addition of the difficult phrase is less likely.

Project defaultnor the Son,

Project default · difficult early reading

Witnessesοὐδὲ ὁ υἱός · א, B, D, L, W, Δ, early versions
AlternativeOmit

Later omission

Witnessesomit phrase · A, C, K, Θ, later tradition
Alternative[nor the Son,]

Fork visible in-line

WitnessesDisplay option · disputed phrase bracketed

Reference roleStandardized inspectable reference; manuscript forks are independently reopened.

Revision historyNo decision-level revision has been recorded since the provenance ledger was introduced.

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Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 450adc54c1fc782fbae5e9ed6a640a2ae0e3be080722ac134c84e1248c2a312a.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.