chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry
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John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.
public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable
standardized inspectable Greek reference edition
Textual basis
SBL Greek New Testament
Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.
This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.
Translation record
Mark 14
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mark.14.m14Rooster
πρὶν ἢ δὶς ἀλέκτορα φωνῆσαι / πρὶν ἀλέκτορα φωνῆσαι
TEXTTRANSLATIONhigh confidence
Does Jesus predict one rooster-crow or a second crow?
Mark’s distinctive twice-crowing form is strongly early. A later stream simplifies it to the familiar single-crow form found in the other Gospels.
Why this default
The twice-crowing form is default because it has strong early support and is distinctively Markan. The single-crow form harmonizes the prediction with the other Gospel accounts.
Evidence
ExternalTwice: א, B, D, L, W, Δ and important versions; once: A, C, K, Θ, Ψ and much of the later tradition.
InternalScribes had a clear reason to simplify Mark’s unique detail; independent addition of ‘twice’ is less likely.
Project defaultbefore a rooster crows twice
Project default · distinctive early Markan reading
Witnessesδὶς ἀλέκτορα φωνῆσαι · א, B, D, L, W, ΔAlternativebefore a rooster crows
Harmonized reading
Witnessesἀλέκτορα φωνῆσαι · A, C, K, Θ, Ψ, later traditionAlternativebefore a rooster crows [twice]
Fork visible in-line
WitnessesDisplay option · disputed adverb bracketedRecord integrity
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