chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry
The evidence beneath the English
Every consequential choice
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John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.
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standardized inspectable Greek reference edition
Textual basis
SBL Greek New Testament
Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.
This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.
Translation record
Mark 3
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mark.3.m3Apostles
οὓς καὶ ἀποστόλους ὠνόμασεν / omit
TEXTTRANSLATIONmoderate confidence
Does Mark say Jesus also named them apostles?
The clause has strong ancient support but is absent from several witnesses, creating a real fork inside the appointment scene.
Why this default
The apostles clause is retained because it is ancient and distributed, but its omission from important witnesses prevents high confidence.
Evidence
ExternalInclude: א, B, C, Θ and substantial versional support; omit: D, L, W and part of the Old Latin tradition.
InternalThe title may have been added from Luke’s parallel language, yet it could also have dropped as scribes simplified the densely repeated appointment wording.
Project defaultwhom he also named apostles
Project default · strong ancient support
Witnessesοὓς καὶ ἀποστόλους ὠνόμασεν · א, B, C, Θ, versionsAlternativetwelve, so that they might be with him
Ancient shorter form
Witnessesomit clause · D, L, W, Old Latin supportAlternativetwelve, [whom he also named apostles]
Fork visible in-line
WitnessesDisplay option · title clause bracketedRecord integrity
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