DWThe Direct WitnessAccount

The evidence beneath the English

Every consequential choice
leaves a record.

John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

1,738

chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry

1

public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable

SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

Textual basis

SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

Mark 4

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mark.4.m4Faith

πῶς οὐκ ἔχετε πίστιν; / οὔπω ἔχετε πίστιν;

TEXTGRAMMARTRANSLATIONlow confidence

Does Jesus ask ‘How do you not have faith?’ or ‘Do you not yet have faith?’

Both questions are ancient. The ‘not yet’ form connects the rebuke to the disciples’ developing recognition; the ‘how’ form sharpens its incredulity.

Why this default

The ‘how’ question is the working default because it is sharper and can explain the smoothing to a developmental ‘not yet.’ Both readings are early enough to remain fully open.

Evidence

ExternalHow do you not: B, D and part of the Old Latin tradition; do you not yet: א, C, L, W, Δ and broad support; additional rearrangements occur.

Internal‘Not yet’ fits Mark’s theme of gradual understanding, while ‘how do you not’ is abrupt and grammatically harder.

Project defaultHow do you not have faith?

Project default · difficult question

Witnessesπῶς οὐκ ἔχετε πίστιν · B, D, Old Latin support
AlternativeDo you not yet have faith?

Major ancient alternative

Witnessesοὔπω ἔχετε πίστιν · א, C, L, W, Δ, broad support
Alternative[How do you not/Do you not yet] have faith?

Fork visible in-line

WitnessesDisplay option · question forms shown

Reference roleStandardized inspectable reference; manuscript forks are independently reopened.

Revision historyNo decision-level revision has been recorded since the provenance ledger was introduced.

← All Mark 4 records

Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 450adc54c1fc782fbae5e9ed6a640a2ae0e3be080722ac134c84e1248c2a312a.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.