chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry
The evidence beneath the English
Every consequential choice
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John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.
public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable
standardized inspectable Greek reference edition
Textual basis
SBL Greek New Testament
Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.
This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.
Translation record
Mark 5
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mark.5.m5Talitha
ταλιθα κουμ / ταλιθα κουμι
TEXTGRAMMARTRANSLATIONmoderate confidence
How should the preserved Aramaic command appear?
Mark transmits Jesus’s Aramaic and immediately translates it. Greek witnesses vary slightly between koum and koumi, forms reflecting the spoken command ‘arise.’
Why this default
Koum is the working default because it is strongly represented in early Greek witnesses. Koumi preserves an ancient Semitic-looking alternative; Mark’s own Greek interpretation remains certain.
Evidence
ExternalKoum: א, B, C, L and substantial support; koumi: A, D, W, Θ and later streams; spelling variation is extensive.
InternalGreek copyists could add the final vowel to represent the feminine Aramaic command or drop it in adapting the spoken form.
Project defaultTalitha koum—which means, ‘Little girl, I say to you, arise’
Project default · early Greek form
Witnessesταλιθα κουμ · א, B, C, LAlternativeTalitha koumi—which means, ‘Little girl, arise’
Ancient alternative spelling
Witnessesταλιθα κουμι · A, D, W, Θ and later supportAlternativeLittle girl, I say to you, arise
Translation only
WitnessesMark’s supplied interpretationAlternativeTalitha koum[i]—‘Little girl, arise’
Fork visible in-line
WitnessesDisplay option · final vowel bracketedRecord integrity
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The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 450adc54c1fc782fbae5e9ed6a640a2ae0e3be080722ac134c84e1248c2a312a.
Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.