chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry
The evidence beneath the English
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John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.
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standardized inspectable Greek reference edition
Textual basis
SBL Greek New Testament
Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.
This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.
Translation record
Matthew 12
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matthew.12.mt12Blasphemy
ἡ ... βλασφημία
LEXICONTYPOGRAPHYTHEOLOGYTRANSLATIONmoderate confidence
How should blasphemy against the spirit be named?
Blasphēmia is injurious, defaming speech; capitalization is an English interpretive choice absent from ancient manuscripts.
Why this default
‘Blasphemy against the spirit’ is default because it preserves the noun’s injurious-speech force while declining to invent manuscript capitalization. ‘Holy Spirit’ explicitly identifies the personal-divine referent, while ‘defaming speech’ translates blasphēmia more fully.
Evidence
ExternalNo separate external-evidence note is recorded for this stable-text decision.
InternalThe decision record relies on the stated lexical, grammatical, or translation rationale.
Project defaultblasphemy against the spirit
Project default · typography open
Alternativeblasphemy against the Holy Spirit
Personal-divine referent explicit
Alternativedefaming speech against the holy spirit
Lexical force exposed
Record integrity
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The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 450adc54c1fc782fbae5e9ed6a640a2ae0e3be080722ac134c84e1248c2a312a.
Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.