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John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.
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Textual basis
SBL Greek New Testament
Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.
This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.
Translation record
Matthew 13
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matthew.13.mt13Ears9
ὦτα / ὦτα ἀκούειν
TEXTTRANSLATIONhigh confidence
Does the first hearing call say ‘ears’ or ‘ears to hear’?
Important early witnesses preserve the shorter wording; most later witnesses add the explanatory infinitive.
Why this default
The shorter ‘having ears’ is default because it has strong early support and the added infinitive naturally clarifies the idiom.
Evidence
ExternalShort: א*, B, L and important Old Latin, Syriac and patristic support; ‘ears to hear’: א², C, D, K, W, Θ, families 1/13 and the broad later tradition.
Internal‘To hear’ explains the purpose of the ears and readily expands the compact saying.
Project defaultThe one having ears, let that one hear
Project default · early shorter form
Witnessesὁ ἔχων ὦτα ἀκουέτω · א*, B, L, early versionsAlternativeThe one having ears to hear, let that one hear
Broad later form
Witnessesὁ ἔχων ὦτα ἀκούειν ἀκουέτω · broad later traditionAlternativeThe one having ears [to hear], let that one hear
Fork visible in-line
WitnessesDisplay option · infinitive bracketedRecord integrity
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The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 450adc54c1fc782fbae5e9ed6a640a2ae0e3be080722ac134c84e1248c2a312a.
Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.