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John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.
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SBL Greek New Testament
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Translation record
Matthew 14
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matthew.14.mt14BoatLocation
σταδίους πολλοὺς ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς / μέσον τῆς θαλάσσης
TEXTTRANSLATIONmoderate confidence
Was the boat many stadia from land or in the middle of the sea?
The witnesses divide between Matthew’s measured-distance form and wording closely matching Mark’s ‘middle of the sea.’
Why this default
‘Many stadia from land’ is default because it has early support and is the distinctive Matthean form. ‘Middle of the sea’ is widespread but closely matches Mark 6:47.
Evidence
ExternalMeasured distance: B, family 1 and important Coptic/Diatessaronic support; middle of sea: א, C, L, W, 073, 084, 0106, 33 and the broad later tradition; additional forms occur in D, Θ and versions.
InternalHarmonization to Mark readily explains ‘middle of the sea.’ The isolated measured-distance wording is less likely to have been created from the familiar Synoptic phrase.
Project defaultthe boat was already many stadia away from the land
Project default · early distinctive form
Witnessesσταδίους πολλοὺς ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς · B, family 1, early versionsAlternativethe boat was already in the middle of the sea
Broad harmonized form
Witnessesμέσον τῆς θαλάσσης · א, C, L, W, 073, 084, broad traditionAlternativethe boat was already [many stadia from land/in the middle of the sea]
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