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John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.
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standardized inspectable Greek reference edition
Textual basis
SBL Greek New Testament
Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.
This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.
Translation record
Matthew 16
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matthew.16.mt16Instructed
διεστείλατο / ἐπετίμησεν
TEXTTRANSLATIONmoderate confidence
Did Jesus instruct or rebuke the disciples?
The manuscripts preserve a verbal fork: most say he strictly instructed; an important early stream says he rebuked.
Why this default
‘Strictly instructed’ is default because it is broadly and diversely attested. ‘Rebuked’ is early and vivid, but may reflect assimilation to nearby rebuke language in verses 22–23.
Evidence
ExternalInstructed: א, Bᶜ, C, L, W, Θ, families 1/13 and broad Latin, Syriac and Coptic support; rebuked: B*, D, Old Latin, Old Syriac and Armenian support.
InternalThe cluster of ‘rebuke’ language immediately afterward provides a strong route for scribal assimilation, while replacement of a harsh verb by a milder one is also possible.
Project defaulthe strictly instructed the disciples
Project default · broad early support
Witnessesδιεστείλατο · א, Bᶜ, C, L, W, Θ, families 1/13Alternativehe rebuked the disciples
Important early alternative
Witnessesἐπετίμησεν · B*, D, Old Latin, Old SyriacAlternativehe [strictly instructed/rebuked] the disciples
Fork visible in-line
WitnessesDisplay option · both verbs shownRecord integrity
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The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 450adc54c1fc782fbae5e9ed6a640a2ae0e3be080722ac134c84e1248c2a312a.
Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.