DWThe Direct WitnessAccount

The evidence beneath the English

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leaves a record.

The published library was developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

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chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry

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public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable

SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

Textual basis

SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

Matthew 18

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matthew.18.mt18Trespasses

[τὰ παραπτώματα αὐτῶν]

TEXTTRANSLATIONhigh confidence

Does the closing sentence add ‘their trespasses’?

Strong early witnesses end with ‘forgive your brother from your hearts.’ The later tradition specifies the object as the brother’s trespasses.

Why this default

The shorter ending is default because it has strong early and diverse support. ‘Their trespasses’ explicitly supplies the object already implied by forgiving one’s brother.

Evidence

ExternalShort ending: א, B, D, L, Θ, family 1, 700, 892* and early versions; added ‘their trespasses’: C, K, W, Δ, family 13 and the broad later tradition.

InternalAdding the object clarifies what is forgiven and echoes familiar forgiveness language. Widespread accidental omission is less likely.

Project defaultforgive your brother

Project default · early shorter form

Witnessesἀφῆτε ... ἀπὸ τῶν καρδιῶν ὑμῶν · א, B, D, L, Θ, family 1
Alternativeforgive your brother’s trespasses

Broad later addition

Witnessesτὰ παραπτώματα αὐτῶν · C, K, W, Δ, family 13, broad tradition
Alternativeforgive your brother [their trespasses]

Fork visible in-line

WitnessesDisplay option · object bracketed

Reference roleStandardized inspectable reference; manuscript forks are independently reopened.

Revision historyNo decision-level revision has been recorded since the provenance ledger was introduced.

← All Matthew 18 records

Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 7c4cbee907fbc0e84976d6e78a615134e2288f8197ce8abcf67b0452155ddc84.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.