DWThe Direct WitnessAccount

The evidence beneath the English

Every consequential choice
leaves a record.

John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

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chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry

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public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable

SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

Textual basis

SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

Matthew 19

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matthew.19.mt19DivorcedClause

[καὶ ὁ ἀπολελυμένην γαμήσας μοιχᾶται]

TEXTBOUNDARYTRANSLATIONhigh confidence

Does verse 9 add the divorced-woman clause?

The clause is familiar from Matthew 5:32 and is widespread later, but the earliest recoverable form of this verse ends after ‘commits adultery.’

Why this default

The shorter ending is default because it is strongly supported and the longer clause closely reproduces Matthew 5:32, giving copyists an obvious source for expansion.

Evidence

ExternalShort form: א, C³, D, L, W, Z, Θ, 078 and broad support; expanded endings occur in later and harmonizing streams, with several distinct forms.

InternalThe variation branches into multiple expansions, a classic sign of scribes completing or harmonizing an abrupt ending. The parallel divorce saying supplied ready wording.

Project defaultcommits adultery

Project default · shorter critical text

Witnessesends with μοιχᾶται · א, C³, D, L, W, Z, Θ, 078
Alternativecommits adultery; and the one marrying a divorced woman commits adultery

Later expanded form

Witnessesadds καὶ ὁ ἀπολελυμένην γαμήσας μοιχᾶται · later expanded tradition
Alternativecommits adultery [and the one marrying a divorced woman commits adultery]

Fork visible in-line

WitnessesDisplay option · added clause bracketed

Reference roleStandardized inspectable reference; manuscript forks are independently reopened.

Revision historyNo decision-level revision has been recorded since the provenance ledger was introduced.

← All Matthew 19 records

Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 450adc54c1fc782fbae5e9ed6a640a2ae0e3be080722ac134c84e1248c2a312a.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.