DWThe Direct WitnessAccount

The evidence beneath the English

Every consequential choice
leaves a record.

John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

1,738

chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry

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public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable

SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

Textual basis

SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

Matthew 22

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matthew.22.mt22SpeakerText

[ὁ Ἰησοῦς] ἔφη αὐτῷ

TEXTGRAMMARTRANSLATIONhigh confidence

Does verse 37 explicitly name Jesus as the speaker?

The shorter early form says simply ‘he said to him.’ Later witnesses clarify the already obvious speaker by adding Jesus’ name.

Why this default

The pronoun-only ‘he said’ is default because the subject is obvious and the shorter form has strong early support. Adding Jesus’ name removes even momentary ambiguity.

Evidence

ExternalHe said: B, D, L, Θ and important early versions; Jesus said: א, C, W and the broad later tradition.

InternalExplicit names are commonly added at speech transitions for clarity. There is little reason to delete Jesus’ name if it stood in the exemplar.

Project defaultHe said to him

Project default · shorter early form

Witnessesἔφη αὐτῷ · B, D, L, Θ, early versions
AlternativeJesus said to him

Later explicit subject

Witnessesἔφη αὐτῷ ὁ Ἰησοῦς / ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς · א, C, W, later tradition
Alternative[Jesus] said to him

Fork visible in-line

WitnessesDisplay option · subject bracketed

Reference roleStandardized inspectable reference; manuscript forks are independently reopened.

Revision historyNo decision-level revision has been recorded since the provenance ledger was introduced.

← All Matthew 22 records

Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 450adc54c1fc782fbae5e9ed6a640a2ae0e3be080722ac134c84e1248c2a312a.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.