DWThe Direct WitnessAccount

The evidence beneath the English

Every consequential choice
leaves a record.

John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

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chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry

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public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable

SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

Textual basis

SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

Matthew 22

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matthew.22.mt22TakeAway

[ἄρατε αὐτὸν]

TEXTBOUNDARYTRANSLATIONhigh confidence

Does the king command ‘take him away’ before casting him out?

The shortest early form moves directly from binding to casting out. Later streams add ‘take him away,’ while Western witnesses rearrange the phrase.

Why this default

The shorter binding-and-casting command is default because it has strong early support. ‘Take him away’ supplies an obvious intermediate action and appears in multiple secondary arrangements.

Evidence

ExternalShort: א, B, L, Θ, 085, families 1/13, 700, 892 and broad early versions; added command: C, K, W, Δ, 0102, 33 and Byzantine tradition; rearranged Western form: D and Old Latin.

InternalAn explicit removal command smooths the movement from binding to outer darkness. Its variant placement signals expansion rather than a single phrase accidentally lost.

Project defaultBind his feet and hands and cast him into the outer darkness

Project default · shorter early form

Witnessesδήσαντες ... ἐκβάλετε · א, B, L, Θ, 085, f¹, f¹³, 700, 892
AlternativeBind his feet and hands, take him away, and cast him into the outer darkness

Later expanded form

Witnessesadds ἄρατε αὐτόν · C, K, W, Δ, 0102, 33, Byzantine tradition
AlternativeTake him away, bound feet and hands, into the outer darkness

Western arrangement

Witnessesrearranged command · D, Old Latin

Reference roleStandardized inspectable reference; manuscript forks are independently reopened.

Revision historyNo decision-level revision has been recorded since the provenance ledger was introduced.

← All Matthew 22 records

Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 450adc54c1fc782fbae5e9ed6a640a2ae0e3be080722ac134c84e1248c2a312a.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.