chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry
The evidence beneath the English
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John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.
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standardized inspectable Greek reference edition
Textual basis
SBL Greek New Testament
Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.
This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.
Translation record
Matthew 27
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matthew.27.mt27Gall
οἶνον μετὰ χολῆς
LEXICONTRANSLATIONhigh confidence
What is mixed into the wine?
Cholē literally means bile or gall and can denote something bitter; Matthew’s wording echoes Psalm 69.
Why this default
‘Wine mixed with gall’ is default because cholē preserves Matthew’s Psalm 69 echo and bitter substance. ‘Something bitter’ foregrounds taste, while ‘drugged wine’ interprets effect.
Evidence
ExternalNo separate external-evidence note is recorded for this stable-text decision.
InternalThe decision record relies on the stated lexical, grammatical, or translation rationale.
Project defaultwine mixed with gall
Project default · scriptural echo
Alternativewine mixed with something bitter
Taste foregrounded
Alternativedrugged wine
Effect interpreted
Record integrity
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The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 450adc54c1fc782fbae5e9ed6a640a2ae0e3be080722ac134c84e1248c2a312a.
Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.