chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry
The evidence beneath the English
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John, Mark, Matthew, and Luke were developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.
public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable
standardized inspectable Greek reference edition
Textual basis
SBL Greek New Testament
Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.
This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.
Translation record
Matthew 4
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matthew.4.mt4Tempter
ὁ πειράζων
GRAMMARLEXICONTRANSLATIONmoderate confidence
How is the devil described when he approaches?
The present participle means the one testing or tempting—a role in action rather than another proper name.
Why this default
‘The tester’ is default because the substantival present participle ho peirazōn keeps the role in action and repeats the semantic breadth of the wilderness purpose in verse 1. Traditional ‘tempter’ selects enticement, while ‘the one testing him’ preserves the participle most fully but is cumbersome as a narrative title.
Evidence
ExternalNo separate external-evidence note is recorded for this stable-text decision.
InternalThe decision record relies on the stated lexical, grammatical, or translation rationale.
Project defaultthe tester
Project default · linked to verse 1
Alternativethe tempter
Traditional English
Alternativethe one testing him
Participial force
Record integrity
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The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 450adc54c1fc782fbae5e9ed6a640a2ae0e3be080722ac134c84e1248c2a312a.
Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.