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Textual basis
SBL Greek New Testament
Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.
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Translation record
Revelation 12
John707 recordsMark525 recordsMatthew987 recordsLuke929 recordsActs1146 records1 Thessalonians67 recordsGalatians138 records1 Corinthians357 records2 Corinthians250 recordsRomans340 recordsPhilippians84 recordsPhilemon22 recordsColossians74 recordsEphesians121 records2 Thessalonians36 records1 Timothy86 records1 Peter90 records2 Peter61 records1 John107 records2 John10 records3 John13 recordsJude23 recordsRevelation324 records
120 records223 records319 records410 records512 records616 records713 records810 records916 records108 records1115 records1214 records1314 records1415 records156 records1616 records1714 records1818 records1916 records2012 records2121 records2216 records
revelation.12.rev128NoPlace
ἴσχυσεν / ἴσχυσαν; αὐτῶν / αὐτῷ
TEXTTRANSLATIONmoderate confidence
Who fails to prevail, and for whom is no place found?
Westcott-Hort and NA28 use a singular verb for the dragon but a plural pronoun for the dragon and his angels. Tregelles makes both references plural. The Byzantine text keeps both singular, referring only to the dragon.
Why this default
The Westcott-Hort/NA28 combination is preferred because its singular verb keeps the dragon as the grammatical combatant while the plural pronoun naturally includes his expelled angels.
Evidence
ExternalNo separate external-evidence note is recorded for this stable-text decision.
InternalThe decision record relies on the stated lexical, grammatical, or translation rationale.
Project defaultthe dragon did not prevail, and no place was found for them any longer in heaven
Project default · WH/NA28
Witnessesἴσχυσεν; αὐτῶν — Westcott-Hort · NA28Alternativethe dragon and his angels did not prevail, and no place was found for them any longer in heaven
Tregelles plural verb
Witnessesἴσχυσαν; αὐτῶν — TregellesAlternativethe dragon did not prevail, and no place was found for him any longer in heaven
Byzantine singular pronoun
Witnessesἴσχυσεν; αὐτῷ — Byzantine tradition (RP)Record integrity
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