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The published library was developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

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chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry

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public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable

SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

Textual basis

SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

Revelation 9

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revelation.9.rev913HornsText

τῶν κεράτων / τῶν τεσσάρων κεράτων

TEXTTRANSLATIONmoderate confidence

How many altar horns are named?

Westcott-Hort and Tregelles read simply ‘from the horns.’ NA28 and the Byzantine text specify ‘from the four horns.’ The altar image implies multiple horns either way, but the number is textually explicit only in the longer reading.

Why this default

The shorter wording is preferred because Westcott-Hort and Tregelles do not state the number; the altar’s familiar four-horned form readily prompted an explicit clarification.

Evidence

ExternalNo separate external-evidence note is recorded for this stable-text decision.

InternalThe decision record relies on the stated lexical, grammatical, or translation rationale.

Project defaultfrom the horns of the golden altar before God

Project default · WH/Tregelles

Witnessesτῶν κεράτων — Westcott-Hort · Tregelles
Alternativefrom the four horns of the golden altar before God

NA28/Byzantine addition

Witnessesτῶν τεσσάρων κεράτων — NA28 · Byzantine tradition (RP)

Reference roleStandardized inspectable reference; manuscript forks are independently reopened.

Revision historyNo decision-level revision has been recorded since the provenance ledger was introduced.

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Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 7c4cbee907fbc0e84976d6e78a615134e2288f8197ce8abcf67b0452155ddc84.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.