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The evidence beneath the English

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The published library was developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

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chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry

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public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable

SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

Textual basis

SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

Romans 16

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romans.16.rom16JuniaApostles

Ἰουνίαν / Ἰουνιᾶν ... ἐπίσημοι ἐν τοῖς ἀποστόλοις

TEXTGRAMMARTRANSLATIONmoderate confidence

How should Junia’s name and the apostles phrase be understood?

The accusative can be accented as the common woman’s name Junia or the otherwise unattested masculine Junias; episēmoi en tois apostolois most naturally means notable among the apostles, though known to them is grammatically possible.

Why this default

Junia with the inclusive reading leads because Junia is a well-attested woman’s name, whereas the proposed masculine Junias is otherwise unattested, and ἐπίσημοι ἐν with personal plurals naturally denotes prominence within the group; the other options expose each remaining grammatical possibility.

Evidence

ExternalNo separate external-evidence note is recorded for this stable-text decision.

InternalThe decision record relies on the stated lexical, grammatical, or translation rationale.

Project defaultJunia, my relatives and fellow prisoners, who are notable among the apostles and were in Christ before me

Project default · inclusive reading

WitnessesἸουνίαν · SBLGNT, WH, Treg, RP
AlternativeJunia, my kin and fellow captives; both were well known to the apostles and were in Christ before me

Responsible alternative · exclusive reading

WitnessesἸουνίαν · SBLGNT, WH, Treg, RP · exclusive syntax
AlternativeJunias, my relatives and fellow prisoners, prominent among the apostles and in Christ before me

Masculine accent with inclusive syntax

WitnessesἸουνιᾶν · NA28

Reference roleStandardized inspectable reference; manuscript forks are independently reopened.

Revision historyNo decision-level revision has been recorded since the provenance ledger was introduced.

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Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 7c4cbee907fbc0e84976d6e78a615134e2288f8197ce8abcf67b0452155ddc84.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.