DWThe Direct WitnessAccount

The evidence beneath the English

Every consequential choice
leaves a record.

The published library was developed through direct Greek analysis, lexical work, and manuscript comparison. Where surviving witnesses materially disagree, the competing Greek readings and their effect on English remain open to the reader.

6,497

chapter-level decision records generated from the live translation registry

1

public provenance schema, designed to remain machine-readable and auditable

SBLGNT

standardized inspectable Greek reference edition

Textual basis

SBL Greek New Testament

Edited by Michael W. Holmes. The project's standardized, publicly inspectable Greek reference edition. It is not presented as retroactive proof that every existing chapter originated from one uniform printed edition.

This is an honest reference claim, not a retroactive claim that all completed work began from one uniform printed edition. Material manuscript forks remain independently documented at the reading they affect.

SBLGNT project · Text and apparatus · License

Translation record

Romans 4

Download complete JSON record
01
τί ... εὑρηκέναι ἈβραὰμDoes Paul ask what Abraham found, or more broadly what shall be said about him?
→
02
καύχημα ... οὐ πρὸς θεόνHow should this Greek expression be rendered here?
→
03
ἐλογίσθη ... εἰς δικαιοσύνηνHow should this Greek expression be rendered here?
→
04
κατὰ ὀφείλημαHow should this Greek expression be rendered here?
→
05
τὸν ἀσεβῆHow should this Greek expression be rendered here?
→
06
τὸν μακαρισμόνHow should this Greek expression be rendered here?
→
07
οὐ μὴ λογίσηταιHow should this Greek expression be rendered here?
→
08
ἐπὶ τὴν περιτομὴν ... ἀκροβυστίανHow should this Greek expression be rendered here?
→
09
σφραγῖδα τῆς δικαιοσύνηςHow should this Greek expression be rendered here?
→
10
κληρονόμον ... κόσμουHow should this Greek expression be rendered here?
→
11
κεκένωται ἡ πίστιςHow should this Greek expression be rendered here?
→
12
οὐδὲ παράβασιςHow should this Greek expression be rendered here?
→
13
βεβαίαν τὴν ἐπαγγελίανHow should this Greek expression be rendered here?
→
14
καλοῦντος τὰ μὴ ὄντα ὡς ὄνταHow should this Greek expression be rendered here?
→
15
παρʼ ἐλπίδα ἐπʼ ἐλπίδιHow should Abraham’s paradoxical hope be expressed?
→
16
μὴ ... κατενόησεν / μὴ ... οὐ κατενόησενHow should this Greek expression be rendered here?
→
17
οὐ διεκρίθη τῇ ἀπιστίᾳHow should this Greek expression be rendered here?
→
18
οἷς μέλλει λογίζεσθαιHow should this Greek expression be rendered here?
→
19
διὰ ... παραπτώματα ... διὰ ... δικαίωσινAre Jesus’ death and resurrection related to trespasses and justification as causes or as purposes?
→

Record integrity

One registry drives both the reader and this record.

The manifest is regenerated from the translation source before every production build. Its source digest is 7c4cbee907fbc0e84976d6e78a615134e2288f8197ce8abcf67b0452155ddc84.

Decision-level revision history begins with this ledger. Earlier development is not reconstructed into false precision; future material changes can be appended to the relevant record with their reason and date.